A Study of IT Governance Frameworks and Their Impact on Compliance: A Study of Banks in Katsina State
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Background of the Study
Information Technology (IT) governance has emerged as a critical area for organizations seeking to align IT resources with strategic objectives and regulatory requirements. The banking sector, a highly regulated industry, depends on robust IT governance frameworks to ensure compliance with financial regulations, safeguard sensitive data, and manage operational risks. IT governance encompasses the structures, processes, and mechanisms that ensure IT investments deliver value while mitigating risks (Gartner, 2023).
In Nigeria, the banking industry is subject to stringent regulatory oversight, necessitating adherence to frameworks like the Central Bank of Nigeria’s (CBN) Risk-Based Supervision (RBS) and the Nigeria Data Protection Regulation (NDPR). However, achieving compliance in this digital era presents challenges due to the dynamic nature of regulatory environments, technological advancements, and increasing cyber threats (PwC, 2024). For banks in Katsina State, these challenges are exacerbated by resource limitations, underdeveloped IT infrastructure, and insufficient expertise in IT governance.
Globally, frameworks such as COBIT, ITIL, and ISO 27001 have been recognized for their ability to standardize IT practices and enhance compliance. Despite their potential, the adoption and effectiveness of these frameworks in Nigerian banks remain underexplored. A gap exists in understanding the specific challenges and benefits associated with IT governance implementation in Katsina State banks, creating a need for empirical research to inform policy and practice (ISACA, 2023).
Statement of the Problem
Banks in Katsina State face increasing regulatory demands, necessitating robust IT governance frameworks to ensure compliance. However, the implementation of these frameworks is often inconsistent, with limited empirical evidence on their effectiveness. Compliance failures have been linked to financial penalties, reputational damage, and operational disruptions. Factors such as inadequate IT infrastructure, limited awareness of governance frameworks, and resource constraints exacerbate these challenges (Adebayo et al., 2024).
Moreover, the dynamic nature of financial regulations and the rapid evolution of technology present additional hurdles for banks in rural and semi-urban areas. While global best practices highlight the benefits of frameworks like COBIT and ISO 27001, the extent to which these frameworks address compliance challenges specific to Katsina State remains unclear. This study seeks to bridge the knowledge gap by investigating the relationship between IT governance frameworks and compliance outcomes in Katsina State’s banking sector.
Objectives of the Study
1. To identify the IT governance frameworks commonly adopted by banks in Katsina State.
2. To evaluate the effectiveness of these frameworks in ensuring compliance with financial regulations.
3. To assess the challenges faced by banks in implementing IT governance frameworks.
Research Questions
1. What IT governance frameworks are commonly adopted by banks in Katsina State?
2. How effective are these frameworks in ensuring compliance with financial regulations?
3. What challenges do banks face in implementing IT governance frameworks?
Research Hypotheses
1. H₀: There is no significant relationship between the adoption of IT governance frameworks and regulatory compliance in Katsina State banks.
2. H₀: IT governance frameworks do not significantly reduce compliance challenges in Katsina State banks.
3. H₀: The effectiveness of IT governance frameworks is not influenced by the level of IT infrastructure in Katsina State banks.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study focuses on commercial banks operating in Katsina State, examining their adoption of IT governance frameworks and compliance with financial regulations. Limitations include potential biases in self-reported data and the generalizability of findings to other states or sectors.
Definitions of Terms
IT Governance: The framework that ensures IT resources are utilized effectively to meet organizational goals and manage risks.
Compliance: Adherence to laws, regulations, and organizational policies.
Framework: A structured approach or methodology for achieving specific objectives.
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